Concept of Network basics

 Network:-

A computer network is a system in which multiple computers are connected to each other to share information and resources. 

Characteristics of a computer network:-

  • Share information from one computer to another.
  • Create files and store them in one computer,access those files from the other computer (S) connected over the network.
  • Connect a printer, scanner,or a fax machine to one computer with in the network and let other computers often the network use the machines available over the network.
It is a worldwide/global system of interconnected computer networks.It used the standard internet protocol (TCP/IP).Every computer in internet is identified by a unique IP address.IP address is a unique set of numbers (Such as 110.2233.114) which identifies a computer's location.

Intranet is the system in which  multiple PCs are connected to each other.PCs in internet are not available to the world outside the internet. usually each organization has its own internet network and members/employees of that organization can access the computers in other internet.

Difference between Internet and Intranet:-
  • Internet is general to PCs all over the World whereas intranet is specific to few PCs.
  • Internet used by unlimited users whereas Intranet used by limited users.
  • Internet is a public network whereas intranet is a private network.
  • Internet provides a wider and better access to websites to a large population,whereas Intranet is restricted.
  • Internet is not as safe as intranet whereas intranet can be safely privatized aa per the need.
It is a first packet switching network.
ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), ARPANET began development in 1966 by the United States ARPA. ARPANET was a wide area network linking many universities and research centers, was first to use packet switching, and was the beginning of what we consider the internet today. ARPANET was created to make it easier for people to access computers, improve computer equipment, and to have a more effective communication method for the military.

 The world wide web (WWW) is a network of online content that is formatted in HTML and accessed via HTTP. The term refers to all the interlinked HTML pages that can be accessed over the internet. The world wide web was originally designed in 1991 by Tim Berners - lee. 

Packet switching is a digital network transmission process in which data is broken into suitably sized pieces or blocks for fast and efficient transfer via different network devices. When a computer attempts to send a file to another computer, the file is broken into packets so that it can be sent across the network in the most efficient way.These packets are then routed by network devices to the destination.

  • In connections less packet switching,each packet has the following information written in its header section:-
  • The destination address 
  • The source address 
  • Total number of pieces 
  • The sequence number (seq #) needed to enables reassembly.
  • After reaching the destination through different routers, the packets are re-arranged to form the original message.




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